Common eye conditions

Diabetes

Diabetes can have a significant impact on the eyes, leading to several eye conditions and vision problems. The relationship between diabetes and the eyes is primarily due to the effects of high blood sugar levels on the blood vessels and the delicate tissues of the eye. There are several eye conditions associated with diabetes, including:

  • Diabetic Retinopathy: Diabetic retinopathy is a common and potentially sight-threatening eye condition that affects people with diabetes. It occurs when high blood sugar levels damage the small blood vessels in the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. Diabetic retinopathy can progress through two main stages:
  • Nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR): In the early stage, blood vessels in the retina weaken, leak fluid, and cause swelling (edema) or the formation of fatty deposits. This can lead to blurred or distorted vision.
  • Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR): In the advanced stage, new abnormal blood vessels grow on the retina and can lead to bleeding inside the eye, causing severe vision loss.
  • Diabetic Macular Edema (DME): DME is a complication of diabetic retinopathy where fluid accumulates in the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, detailed vision. This condition can result in central vision loss.
  • Cataracts: People with diabetes are more likely to develop cataracts, which cloud the eye's natural lens and can lead to blurred or distorted vision. Cataracts may progress more quickly in individuals with diabetes.
  • Glaucoma: Diabetes increases the risk of developing glaucoma, a group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve and can result in peripheral vision loss and, eventually, blindness if left untreated.

To minimize the impact of diabetes on the eyes, individuals with diabetes should:

  • Maintain good control of blood sugar levels, blood pressure, and cholesterol through proper management and regular medical check-ups.
  • Undergo regular eye examinations. Early detection and timely treatment of diabetic eye conditions can help prevent or slow down vision loss.
  • Manage other diabetes-related health conditions, as overall health plays a crucial role in eye health.
  • Follow a healthy lifestyle with a balanced diet, regular exercise, and avoiding smoking to reduce the risk of diabetes-related eye problems.

It's important to work closely with healthcare professionals to manage diabetes effectively and protect your vision. Regular eye examinations are a critical part of this process, as they can detect potential eye issues at an early stage, allowing for timely intervention and preserving vision.

Frequently asked questions

What does an optometrist do?

In NZ an optometrist can calculate the prescription for glasses, fit contact lenses, diagnose and treat eye conditions and infections with medication. They can also manage ocular injuries including removing foreign objects. If surgery or specialist treatment is required they can refer to an ophthalmologist (eye surgeon), hospital, or other health care specialist. NZ-trained optometrists must complete a 5-year degree at the University of Auckland before becoming registered.

What is a dispensing optician (sometimes called a “dispenser”)?

A dispensing optician has formal training in optical dispensing. They are qualified to help a client choose frames, read a prescription, discuss lens options, take measurements, order and fit glasses.

What is an ophthalmologist?

An ophthalmologist is a medical doctor who has specialised in the treatment of serious eye disease and ocular surgery such as cataract removal. They do not typically prescribe glasses or contact lenses.

What payment options do you have?

While payment is generally required on the day of appointment, we do offer a number of payment options including Afterpay, Genoapay, QCard, and GoCardless.

Are you open on public holidays?

No. We are closed on public holidays and long weekends as we believe our staff should have the chance to enjoy this time with friends and family.

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